Sicona to enter European battery market through proposed Joint Venture with Leading Edge Materials in Sweden

SYDNEY,Oct. 11,2021 -- Sicona Battery Technologies Pty Ltd ("Sicona"),a groundbreaking battery materials technology company,has executed a non-binding heads of agreement (the "HoA") with the 100% owned Swedish subsidiary of TSX-V listed Leading Edge Materials Corp. ("Leading Edge Materials").

The HoA lays out the path for the establishment of a Sweden based 50/50 Joint Venture (the "JV") targeting the production of advanced natural graphite and silicon-graphite-carbon composite active anode materials using natural graphite from the Woxna Graphite mine as feedstock to offer the European lithium-ion battery manufacturing industry a secure and sustainable supply of high-performance anode materials.

The JV is a direct fit for the fully built and permitted Woxna Graphite mine in Sweden and plans for a vertically integrated production from mine to active anode materials utilizing a low carbon footprint thermal purification process,as recently reported in a Preliminary Economic Assessment studypublished by Leading Edge Materials (see Leading Edge Materails' press releases dated June 9,2021and July 26,2021).

Sicona believes that the existing Woxna mine and developed downstream processes together with Sicona's innovative technology offers the opportunity to deliver a secure and sustainable supply of high-performance battery materials for the European battery industry. Sicona is commercialising innovative silicon-graphite-carbon composite battery anode and binder process technology and materials,developed and perfected over the last ten years at the Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM)at the University of Wollongong.

Sicona's current generation silicon-graphite composite anode materials deliver 50% to 100% higher capacity than conventional "graphite-only" materials and as a result,its cell producer customers can unlock more than 50% higher cell energy density than current Li-ion batteries thereby increasing electric vehicle range whilst reducing the cost and the time it takes to charge.

The global lithium battery opportunity is growing rapidly with more than 4TWh (equivalent to 4,000 gigawatt sized factories) of announced cell production requiring in excess of 4,000,000 tonnes of anode materials per annum.

Due to its improved storage capacity,silicon graphite composite anode materials attract higher selling prices,>US$15,000 per tonne[1],compared with conventional graphite anode materials between US$7,000 and US$15,000 per tonne[2]. However,due to the higher capacity of silicon graphite composites the cost per capacity unit ($ / KWh) becomes lower for battery cell manufacturers,driving an increased interest to transition into these materials over the future.

The HoA lays out certain work packages with the ultimate objective being a Sweden based advanced anode materials production facility targeting an annual production of up to 20,000 tonnes per year of multiple active anode materials products using Woxna graphite feedstock and other complementary suitable feedstocks such as externally sourced silicon and other carbon or graphite materials utilizing Sicona's significant proprietary IP and know-how.

Key points of the JV as envisioned in the HoA;

The establishment of a Swedish corporation owned 50/50 by Sicona and Leading Edge Materials to operate the JV out of Sweden;

The design,funding and launch of a 500 tonnes per annum stage 1 commercial demonstration plant at a suitable location from the Woxna Graphite mine to produce multiple active anode materials products for advanced customer qualification trials;

Appropriate feasibility study for a 7,000 to 20,000 tonnes per annum full scale commercial production facility;

Funding,building and operation of a full scale commercial production facility;

Leading Edge Materials' 100% owned subsidiary Woxna Graphite AB to enter an offtake agreement with the JV to sell it all of its graphite concentrate production on a graphite related all in cost basis plus a 30% margin,with a cap at the price equivalent to an appropriate graphite pricing benchmark less 15% (the "Off-take Agreement");

The JV to be granted a non-exclusive,non-transferable,non-sublicensable license for Sicona's IP to produce carbon coated graphite based and silicon-graphite-carbon based active anode materials (the "License Agreements");

JV to retain exclusivity over the IP in Sweden,with additional timelines proposed to prohibit the licensing of the IP within Europe to other parties; and

A twelve month exclusivity period during which the parties are prohibited from soliciting alternative transactions to the proposed JV and must deal exclusively with each other (the "Exclusivity Provision").

The establishment of the JV is subject to Sicona and Leading Edge Materials entering into a definitive binding joint venture agreement governing the Swedish JV corporation (the "Definitive Joint Venture Agreement",and together with the Off-take Agreement and the License Agreements,the "Definitive Agreements"),the Off-take Agreement and the License Agreements and completion of satisfactory due diligence and receipt of all necessary board and regulatory approvals

Sicona founder and CEO,Christiaan Jordaan said"From our Australian base,Sicona has its eyes firmly set on deploying commercial-scaleproduction plants in Europe and North America and this proposed joint venture with Leading Edge Materials is a significant step in achieving those goals.

We are very excited to be involved in the next stages of project development with Filip and his team at Leading Edge Materials. It is an endorsement of Sicona's value proposition in vertically integrating local supply chain projects to produce next generation final anode materials. The two companies share the same goals and values in the sustainable development of better performing anodes and disrupting the control of Asian controlled supply chains with local European made anode material products.

Our work has already shown Woxna's thermally purified natural graphite outperformed similar trials using natural graphite reference materials,which bodes well for our planned next stages of work with Leading Edge.

The formalization of this JV will allow Sicona and Leading Edge to commercialize our coating processes and technologies,where Woxna's spherical purified graphite and Sicona's carbon coating technology has shown excellent results in producing a conventional natural graphite active anode material,delivering 98% capacity retention after 500 cycles[3].

Furthermore,in-house unoptimized trials using Woxna spherical purified graphite to produce silicon-graphite-carbon composite anode materials has delivered promising results in initial cell testing. The test results showed an excellent initial capacity of ~700mAh/g,which is more than 90% higher than conventional graphite anode materials."

Filip Kozlowski,CEO of Leading Edge Materials said "The opportunity to combine the thermally purified spherical natural graphite from Woxna with Sicona's silicon-graphite-carbon composite technology for the production of high-performance next generation anode materials is obvious.

We believe that moving towards a formal joint venture and the establishment of a first stage commercial demonstration facility to produce 500 tonnes per year of various anode materials will demonstrate the quality of our products to potential customers in Europe."

Announced lithium-ion battery production capacity recently surpassed 1,000GWh[4],translating to around 1,000 tonnes per year of anode material demand in Europe alone. This potential joint venture with Sicona puts Leading Edge Materials in an even stronger position to address this immense addressable market opportunity. I am looking forward to working with Christiaan and his skilled technical team in developing this opportunity further.

Contact:

Christiaan Jordaan

info@siconabattery.com

Visit:

www.siconabattery.com

www.leadingedgematerials.com

About Sicona

Sicona develops next-generation battery materials technology used in the anodes (negative electrodes) of lithium-ion ("Li-ion") batteries that enable electric-mobility and storage of renewable energy. Sicona is commercialising an innovative silicon-composite battery anode technology,developed and perfected over the last ten years at the Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM). Sicona's current generation silicon-composite anode technology delivers 50% to 100% higher capacity than conventional graphite anodes and its anode materials can deliver more than 50% higher cell energy density than current Li-ion batteries.

In addition,Sicona has developed a water-based binder that has a 3D network structure,improved electro-conductivity,and self-healing properties that significantly increases the cycle of next generation anodes.

Sicona uses off the shelf equipment in a highly scalable and efficient manufacturing process to produce its active anode materials and polymer binder.

Sicona intends to produce and sell high performance active anode and binder materials into the fast-growing global battery market through a focused partnership approach with established and reputable supply chain partner companies.

About Leading Edge Materials

Leading Edge Materials is a Canadian public company focused on developing a portfolio of critical raw material projects located in the European Union. Critical raw materials are determined as such by the European Union based on their economic importance and supply risk. They are directly linked to high growth technologies such as batteries for electromobility and energy storage and permanent magnets for electric motors and wind power that underpin the clean energy transition towards climate neutrality. The portfolio of projects includes the 100% owned Woxna Graphite mine (Sweden),Norra Karr HREE project (Sweden) and the 51% owned Bihor Sud Nickel Cobalt exploration alliance (Romania).

[1]JP Morgan,Battery Anode Materials,June 10,2021

[2]Benchmark Mineral Intelligence,2021

[3]Coin half-cell testing. Cycling at 0.3C,formation cycling at C/20

[4]CIC energiGUNE,September 2021